Inode
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The inode is the node of the index of files on a filesystem. In UFS1 the inode size is 128 bytes, and in UFS2 it is 256 bytes. The inode is what's considered to be filesystem metadata, it points to real data of a file.
The inode contains the following fields (from /usr/include/ufs/ufs/dinode.h):
struct ufs1_dinode { u_int16_t di_mode; /* 0: IFMT, permissions; see below. */ int16_t di_nlink; /* 2: File link count. */ union { u_int16_t oldids[2]; /* 4: Ffs: old user and group ids. */ u_int32_t inumber; /* 4: Lfs: inode number. */ } di_u; u_int64_t di_size; /* 8: File byte count. */ int32_t di_atime; /* 16: Last access time. */ int32_t di_atimensec; /* 20: Last access time. */ int32_t di_mtime; /* 24: Last modified time. */ int32_t di_mtimensec; /* 28: Last modified time. */ int32_t di_ctime; /* 32: Last inode change time. */ int32_t di_ctimensec; /* 36: Last inode change time. */ ufs1_daddr_t di_db[NDADDR]; /* 40: Direct disk blocks. */ ufs1_daddr_t di_ib[NIADDR]; /* 88: Indirect disk blocks. */ u_int32_t di_flags; /* 100: Status flags (chflags). */ int32_t di_blocks; /* 104: Blocks actually held. */ int32_t di_gen; /* 108: Generation number. */ u_int32_t di_uid; /* 112: File owner. */ u_int32_t di_gid; /* 116: File group. */ int32_t di_spare[2]; /* 120: Reserved; currently unused */ };
For further reading see permissions, atime, mtime, ctime.